Background of the study:
University stores are critical for supporting academic and administrative activities by ensuring the efficient management of supplies and inventory. In Lafia LGA, traditional warehouse management systems in university stores are often manual and prone to errors, resulting in inventory discrepancies, delayed order fulfillment, and increased operational costs. The evaluation of IoT‐based smart warehouse management systems offers a transformative solution by integrating sensors, RFID technology, and cloud‐based data analytics to automate inventory tracking and streamline logistics (Ibrahim, 2023). These systems enable real‐time monitoring of stock levels, temperature, and movement of goods, ensuring that inventory data is continuously updated and accurate (Adeniyi, 2024). Automated alerts and predictive analytics help in forecasting stock requirements, reducing the likelihood of shortages or overstock situations, and optimizing reordering processes. Additionally, the integration of IoT devices with mobile applications facilitates remote management and improves decision‐making, leading to enhanced efficiency and reduced operational costs (Udo, 2025). This smart approach not only supports better resource allocation but also contributes to minimizing waste and improving service delivery across the university. As global trends move towards digital transformation in supply chain management, the adoption of IoT‐based warehouse systems in university stores represents a significant step forward in modernizing campus operations and ensuring efficient inventory management.
Statement of the problem:
University stores in Lafia LGA struggle with inefficiencies in inventory management due to reliance on manual record‐keeping and outdated systems. These traditional methods are prone to errors, resulting in discrepancies between recorded and actual stock levels, delayed order fulfillment, and increased operational costs (Ibrahim, 2023). The lack of real‐time data and automated alerts hampers the ability of store managers to respond promptly to stock shortages or surpluses, leading to inefficiencies in supply chain operations. Financial constraints and the absence of advanced technology further exacerbate these issues, resulting in waste and lost opportunities for cost savings (Adeniyi, 2024). Inadequate monitoring of environmental conditions, such as temperature and humidity, can also affect the quality of stored items, particularly perishable goods. Without a modern, IoT‐based warehouse management system that provides continuous, real‐time insights, the university stores remain vulnerable to operational disruptions and inventory mismanagement. This not only affects service delivery but also compromises the institution’s ability to support academic and administrative functions effectively (Udo, 2025).
Objectives of the study:
To design and implement an IoT‐based smart warehouse management system for university stores.
To evaluate the system’s effectiveness in improving inventory accuracy and reducing operational costs.
To propose recommendations for integrating the system with existing campus supply chain management practices.
Research questions:
How effective is the IoT‐based system in providing real‐time inventory tracking and management?
What improvements in inventory accuracy and cost reduction can be observed after system implementation?
How can the system be integrated with current warehouse management practices to enhance efficiency?
Significance of the study:
This study is significant as it provides a digital solution to the challenges of inventory management in university stores. The IoT‐based system enhances real‐time tracking, reduces errors, and optimizes supply chain operations, leading to cost savings and improved service delivery. The research supports the modernization of campus operations through digital transformation.
Scope and limitations of the study:
This study is limited to the evaluation of IoT‐based smart warehouse management systems in university stores in Lafia LGA, Nasarawa State. It does not extend to other types of inventory management systems or different geographic regions.
Definitions of terms:
IoT (Internet of Things): A network of interconnected devices that share real‐time data.
Warehouse Management System: A system that automates inventory tracking and logistics in storage facilities.
Smart System: A technology‐enhanced system that uses sensors and analytics to optimize performance.
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